When I flashed a ROM on to my Android phones, I followed the steps below:
1. Yeah, the first step is to find the ROM that matches the phone
2. Connect the phone to computer via USB able.
3. Make sure in Developer options, USB debug is checked. And yeah, if you are running pure newer Android ROM, for example JB4.2, the developer option you saw in older version of Android ROM is not there. It is hidden somewhere. There is magic "word" to call it out. From Settings-> About phone -> Build number, knock on the "Build number" 7 times, then the "Developer options" will come out in the "Settings".
إفتح يا سمسم iftaḥ ya simsim .
4. If the phone can not be recognized by the computer, use the Device Manager on the computer to update the driver. I usually choose the USB Composite Device in the compatible list.
5. Run adb reboot bootloader
6. Run fastboot oem rebootRUU if using the zip file to flash
7. Run fastboot flash zip zip-file-for-ROM
8. Run fastboot reboot
9. If using RUU to flash, start from Step 5, run the RUU exe directly and follow the instructions.
10. Sometimes, I need to flash the device with older ROM first, then flash the device again with newer ROM.
I forgot to mention that the phone may need to be S-OFF, and the CID may needs to match the ROM's build in CID, or may need to set the cid to super cid, a special ID for every ROM. To change the CID, in the bootloader mode, run fastboot oem writecid cid_char_string.
If you can find a RUU, it would be easy to run it to flash the phone.
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